Flock blog
Reading regulatory filings, sourced and dated.
Plain-English guides to the public filings Flock tracks: 13F reports, NSE and BSE shareholding patterns, bulk and block deals, and FII/DII flows. Every claim links to its source. Research, not advice.
Section 129A: Periodical Financial Results
Section 129A of the Companies Act lets the Central Government require prescribed unlisted companies to prepare, audit and file periodical financial results.
What Is Fraud Under Section 447 Companies Act?
Section 447 of the Companies Act defines fraud, sets the ten lakh or one per cent threshold, and carries the punishment section 448 false statements attract.
Section 180: Restrictions on Powers of the Board
Section 180 of the Companies Act lists four powers a Board can use only with a special resolution, including selling an undertaking and borrowing above capital.
Section 143(12) Auditor Fraud Reporting
Section 143(12) auditor fraud reporting: when an auditor must report fraud to the Central Government, when to the audit committee, and the penalty for silence.
Disclosure of Interest by a Director (S. 184)
Disclosure of interest by a director under section 184: the annual disclosure, the two per cent test, the no participation rule and vacation of office.
Section 179 Board Powers: The Eleven Matters
Section 179 board powers: the eleven matters a board can decide only by resolution at a meeting, which three it may delegate, and where the resolution is filed.
Minutes of a General Meeting: Section 118
Minutes of a general meeting under section 118: the thirty day rule, what the chairman may leave out, the evidence effect, and who can inspect the minute book.
How to Requisition an EGM: Section 100
How to requisition an EGM under section 100: the one-tenth threshold, the twenty-one and forty-five day clocks, and what happens if the board does not call it.
Explanatory Statement Under Section 102
The explanatory statement under section 102: what counts as special business, the two per cent cross holding rule, and the trust remedy for a thin statement.
Auditor Rotation Section 139: Terms and Limits
Auditor rotation section 139: the five year individual term, the ten year firm limit, the cooling off period, and the common partner rule that closes the gap.
Auditor Removal Section 140: Four Routes
Auditor removal section 140: the special resolution plus Central Government approval, resignation, the special notice route, and a Tribunal ordered change.
Ordinary Resolution vs Special Resolution (India)
Ordinary resolution vs special resolution under section 114: the exact vote tests, why the Act says three times and not 75 per cent, and which one gets filed.
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