Flock blog
Reading regulatory filings, sourced and dated.
Plain-English guides to the public filings Flock tracks: 13F reports, NSE and BSE shareholding patterns, bulk and block deals, and FII/DII flows. Every claim links to its source. Research, not advice.
Quorum for a General Meeting: Section 103
Section 103 sets the quorum for a general meeting at five, fifteen or thirty members personally present, by member count, and two for a private company.
Demand for a Poll: Section 109 Explained
A demand for a poll under section 109 forces a counted vote instead of a show of hands. Who can demand one, the two thresholds, and the 48 hour rule.
Corporate Representation at a Meeting: S.113
Corporate representation at a meeting under section 113: how a body corporate authorises a person to attend and vote, and how that differs from a proxy.
Resolution Requiring Special Notice: Rule 23
A resolution requiring special notice under section 115 runs on rule 23: who signs, the fourteen day floor, and the company's seven day notice to members.
Report on Annual General Meeting: Section 121
Every listed public company files a report on annual general meeting in Form MGT.15 within thirty days. What section 121 and rule 31 require it to contain.
Duties of a Director: Section 166 Explained
Section 166 codifies the duties of a director: good faith, care and skill, independent judgment, no conflict, no undue gain, and no assignment of office.
Resignation of a Director: Section 168
Section 168 fixes when a director's resignation takes effect, what the company must file, and why liability for offences during his tenure survives it.
Removal of a Director: Section 169 Explained
Section 169 governs the removal of a director by ordinary resolution on special notice. The independent director exception, and the right to be heard.
Limit on Number of Directorships: Section 165
Section 165 sets the limit on number of directorships at twenty companies, of which not more than ten are public. How the two Explanations change the count.
Maintenance of Documents in Electronic Form
Section 120 permits maintenance of documents in electronic form. Rule 27 makes it compulsory for every listed company and the thousand holder class.
Retirement of Directors by Rotation: Section 152
Section 152 makes two thirds of a public company's board retire by rotation, one third at each AGM. Who goes, how ties break, and the deemed reappointment rule.
Closure of the Register of Members: Section 91
Closure of the register of members under section 91 of the Companies Act: the forty-five day annual cap, the notice rule, and what a closure blocks.
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